![]() chronic hypertension: blood pressure ≥140 mmHg systolic and/or ≥90 mm diastolic confirmed before pregnancy or before 20 completed weeks pregnancy, without a known cause ( essential hypertension), associated with a secondary cause such as existing kidney disease ( secondary hypertension) or associated with measurement in a healthcare setting ( white coat hypertension). ![]() Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy include ( Lowe et al 2015): Healthy pregnancy is characterised by a fall in blood pressure, detectable in the first trimester, usually reaching its lowest point in the second trimester and rising to pre-conception levels towards the end of the third trimester ( Lowe et al 2015). ![]() After 20 weeks, high blood pressure and/or proteinuria may indicate pre-eclampsia. Measuring blood pressure at the first antenatal visit aims to identify women with chronic hypertension (high blood pressure), which may be related to existing kidney disease.
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